The thumbnails images not showing correctly on live site but on editing mode. How to fix it?

I'm having an issue with the page that displays multiple thumbnail images linking to individual subpages. Almost all of the thumbnails appear vertically squished, except for the very first image in the top-left corner.

Everything looked fine for the past few years, but this problem suddenly appeared. I’m not the developer of the site, but I know a little bit about how it works. When I turn on Visual Builder mode, everything looks perfect, the issue only shows up on the live site.

Does anyone know what might be causing this and how I can fix it? I’d really appreciate any help or suggestions.

 

Also, I just found out that, the thumbnail appears correctly on Safari but not on Chrome.